As we all know, the data center is an off-list "high energy" industry. In the more than ten years from the birth to the development of the data center industry, the total power consumption of China's data center industry has increased by more than 10% every year. Statistics show that in 2020, the total power consumption of data centers in China will reach 200 billion KWh, accounting for more than 2%. By 2025, the proportion is expected to double to 4.05%. And in the operating costs of the data center, the cost of electricity accounts for about 60%-70%of the total cost. Although modern data centers can reduce the PUE value through various energy -saving measures and improve the efficiency of electricity consumption, the cost of electricity consumption is still the big head of the overall cost. Energy storage research in data centers is one of the solutions proposed to reduce the cost of data centers. Of course, the data center energy storage system does not refer to the UPS battery room generally configured in the current data center. The current UPS battery room energy storage purpose is only to provide the data center for several minutes to tens of minutes for the buffer processing period for data centers. It does not support the long -term smooth operation of the data center, but also needs to be used with reserve diesel generator. The data center energy storage system needs to provide at least the energy supply of the data center. Its energy storage and power supply capacity are far beyond ordinary battery rooms. Generally speaking, the energy storage system will bring the following benefits to the data center:1. Balance and inhibit Peak Valley Electricity PriceIn order to balance electricity consumption at different times, many grids will provide different electricity prices of waves and valleys. The energy storage system can use its own capacity to store a large amount of electricity in the low price period of the valley, and use the function of the energy storage system to reduce the use of high -priced electricity during the peak of electricity consumption. Some energy storage systems can even supply power to the power grid to achieve the energy arbitrage of "low buying and selling".2. Green energy useFor wind, light, and water are not stable clean energy, the data center has always been far away. However, with the energy storage system, clean energy such as wind, light, and water can enter the energy storage system first, and finally output stable power to the data center. The data center of the energy storage system is generally paired with the construction of optical storage power generation facilities.3. Reduce the use of dieselIn the mainstream data center energy spare system, diesel generators are the most important equipment. Its "heavy" is not only important in status, but also a heavy cost. The construction cost of diesel generators and diesel storage facilities is on the one hand. Daily maintenance and start -up diesel consumption are even more staggering. The emergence of energy storage systems can reduce the dependence of data centers on diesel generators to a certain extent. Of course, in terms of objective perspective, the intervention of the energy storage system will also increase the use of clean energy and reduce carbon emissions of data centers.

While there are several different types of precision air conditioning or thermal management systems designed to meet the unique needs of each application, all systems generally work in the same way. The device uses one or more units installed in the IT space to provide the optimal air temperature for the IT equipment's inlet fans, whether around the room perimeter, in a row, or on a rack or ceiling (if floor space is at a premium) . These internal units use refrigeration or rely on cold water or glycol based coolants to cool the air. They use fans and airflow to direct cool air to the right spot. At the same time, the hot air produced by the equipment is collected and exhausted from the IT space. The cooling unit of the thermal management system removes heat in one of several ways: By directing it to the chilled water plant of the building. Chilled water cooling systems, such as the innovative Coolnet Cybermaster Series, are a good option for large data centers that can use chilled water equipment. For smaller spaces or high-rise buildings where air cannot be excluded, compact perimeter cooling solutions or even precision ceiling-mounted cooling systems such as the chilled water version with small footprint Coolnet Cool-smart efficiently captures and sends heat to a building's chilled water plant through a common plumbing loop. Say no to it by being outdoors. Air-cooled direct expansion systems pair an indoor computer room air conditioning (CRAC) unit with an outdoor heat rejection unit and use the outdoor ambient air to cool the refrigerant. These systems are very reliable because they do not rely on other building systems to cool the exhaust heat. However, each unit requires its own plumbing and outdoor cooling unit, which takes up valuable space. By rejecting it into a warm building water cycle. Water-cooled direct expansion systems, such as Coolnet Cybermaster DX Series connect multiple indoor CRAC units to a warm building water circuit, usually a cooling tower system, with the refrigerant cooled by process water. Small to medium rooms in facilities where building water systems exist are ideal for this solution. By connecting to an outdoor fluid cooler, such as a dry cooler. A glycol cooled direct expansion system connects multiple indoor CRAC units to a dry cooler circuit and a pumping system that circulates warm water glycol antifreeze to cool the refrigerant. Small to medium sized rooms can benefit from these types of systems, but must have enough roof space to accommodate the dry cooler and pump. Direct cooling of equipment by using specialized liquids. Liquid cooling is emerging as an alternative to IT thermal management. If you've ever burned your fingers badly, you know that air (i.e. blowing on your fingers) is usually not enough to relieve the burn. You need to move your fingers in cold water to relieve stress. Breakthrough liquid cooling systems use liquid instead of air to cool IT equipment for better results. Cold liquid is circulated to cold plate heat exchangers embedded in IT equipment. This provides extremely efficient cooling because the cooling medium goes directly to the IT equipment rather than cooling the entire space. However, it requires dedicated IT equipment with built-in liquid/fluid heat exchangers. Liquid cooling is most practical for high-density or high-performance computing applications where the heat is most intense.

Staff in data centers or computer rooms will encounter unexpected situations where precision air conditioners are not cooling. Through this article, we will briefly analyze the reasons why the precision air conditioner in the computer room does not cool. First, too little refrigerant or slight qualitative change. 1. Leakage occurs in the refrigeration pipeline and its components and the interfaces between them after long-term work. 2. The refrigerant flows in the pipeline, and there will definitely be a small amount of loss after the air conditioner works for a long time; with the passage of time, the refrigerant will also undergo slight qualitative changes. Second, the air filter is dirty. 1. The air filter should be replaced regularly according to the climate and environmental conditions of the region. If the air filter is too dirty, the return air will be blocked, and the heat exchange of the evaporator will not work properly. 2. In order to save costs, some companies clean the air filter with water. This operation will cause the filter to change from filament to sheet, and the return air resistance will increase. It will also make the air filter mesh larger, and the filtering effect is poor. A lot of dust will be directly adsorbed on the evaporator fins through the filter, which will seriously affect the working effect of the evaporator. Third, the pipeline insulation layer is damaged or the pipeline is too long. 1. The damage of the insulation layer of the pipeline makes the refrigeration pipeline directly contact with the air, and the heat exchange occurs on the pipeline in advance. 2. Too long pipeline will reduce the cooling effect. Fourth, the compressor problem. The compressor directly affects the cooling capacity, and the degree of damage to the compressor has different effects on the cooling capacity. Fifth, other reasons. 1. The condenser and evaporator are not clean. 2. The expansion valve fails. 3. The filter fails. 4. Refrigerant quality change. 5. The indoor fan speed is not enough. 6. There are too many heating equipment in the room, and the sealing of the machine room is not strict. 7. The quality of the precision air conditioner is unqualified. 8. Obstruction of the air supply duct. 9. The refrigeration pipeline is too dirty and blocked.

In some IT spaces, such as servers or technical rooms located in administrative buildings, facility managers often rely on the building's comfort cooling system to maintain the environment in the IT space. Granted, commercial air conditioning solutions can play a role in controlling temperature, humidity and air quality in these rooms. But these systems fall short in a number of ways, starting with comfort cooling of personnel spaces and precise cooling of IT spaces being designed for different purposes. Specifically, these professional cooling solutions are designed to do the following: Handle the unique concentrated heat load created by IT equipment. Today's complex IT equipment generates a lot of heat. When you consider the continued increase in industry average rack densities and the growth of smaller edge sites, it's clear that commercial building air conditioning systems cannot accommodate elevated central heat loads. Additionally, many spaces used for IT today were not originally designed to house critical equipment, creating less than ideal environmental conditions that can create additional cooling challenges that make comfort cooling solutions less efficient . On the other hand, data center-grade cooling solutions are designed to control heat in these spaces. These thermal management systems are designed to capture heat in small, dense spaces and remove it in one of several ways, depending on the type of system chosen. Operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, regardless of the outside temperature. Office buildings don't need air conditioning when it's cold outside. But the IT space remains the same. Just as grocery stores need specialized equipment to keep frozen peas frozen even when the outside temperature drops below zero, data centers and other IT spaces need a way to dissipate heat regardless of the outside temperature. But most comfort cooling systems are only designed to operate when the outside temperature is above 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Additionally, some commercial AC systems shut down after hours or on weekends, leaving always-on computer equipment unprotected, regardless of the outside temperature. Data center-grade cooling systems overcome these issues and are specifically designed to run all the time - even when the outside temperature plummets to 30 degrees Fahrenheit or 2 a.m. Sunday. This ensures that your device is always properly cooled. Use most of the power to control room temperature. With a typical building cooling system, cooling capacity is distributed to cool rooms and remove moisture (humidity) from the air to keep people comfortable during warmer times of the year. 40% of the total capacity of this system can be used to handle moisture. In this case, the sensible heat ratio is 0.60, which means that only 60% of the cooling capacity is earmarked for changing the temperature of the air. In the IT world, this amounts to a lot of waste. IT equipment tends to generate dry, intense heat, so it hardly needs as much capacity to achieve humidity. In fact, if a 100-kilowatt (kW) comfort cooling system is purchased to cool a 100-kW IT load, the solution may fail because the system's IT cooling capacity is only around 60 kW. Most precision cooling systems today are designed for a sensible heat ratio of at least 0.90. This is 90% of the cooling capacity dedicated to cooling IT equipment and the remaining 10% of the cooling capacity dedicated to removing moisture that could seep into the room from the outside. Many Vertiv™ thermal management systems offer a sensible heat ratio of 0.95.

Air conditioners can regulate temperature, humidity and air cleanliness, so air conditioners are used in many industries, but for some specific functions of the room can not do, need to install precision air conditioning, such as machine rooms, laboratories, instrument rooms, museum storage rooms and other places. Precision air conditioners are also known as constant temperature and humidity air conditioners, which can accurately control the humidity and temperature of the environment. Precision air conditioners are characterized by large air supply volume, small enthalpy difference, high sensible heat ratio and high air purification rate. The humidity change rate is less than 10% RH/h (when the humidity is set at 40%-60%) and the humidity can be accurate to ±3%, and the temperature change rate is less than 5℃/h (when the temperature is set at 15℃-30℃) and the temperature can be accurate to ±0.5℃. The design life of precision air conditioning can reach 10 years, continuous operation time up to 86,400 hours, the average failure-free rate reached 25,000 hours, the better maintenance of precision air conditioning can run about 15 years. The benefits of using precision air conditioning in the server room are mainly as follows. 1. High temperature constancy. The high-speed operation of the equipment in the server room will bring a large amount of heat, in order to maintain the normal operation of the equipment, it is necessary to control the equipment in the state of constant temperature environment. If the temperature of the room can not be constant, it is easy to cause the electronic components of the equipment to reduce the life, when there is a high ambient temperature brought about by the local overheating of the equipment, will cause the equipment to burn or downtime. 2. High humidity constancy. The humidity of the environment in the server room affects the service life of the equipment and brings safety hazards. If the humidity of the room is too high, the low-temperature environment will appear too much condensation, dripping on the equipment to cause burn or even fire; if the humidity of the room is too low, after the air becomes dry, it is easy to generate static electricity, which will also cause certain dangers. 3. High air cleanliness. There are many precision instruments and electrical components in the server room, fine dust can easily lead to short circuits. Precision air conditioning has a better ability to filter air impurities, the air sent into the room are clean, reducing dust scattered on the equipment components, triggering equipment short-circuit, overheating, and the phenomenon of data errors. 4. Air supply volume. Precision air conditioning equipment are relatively large, through a special air duct for air treatment after feeding, in the face of heat dissipation is relatively large electronic equipment without sufficient air volume is difficult to achieve uniform cooling of equipment, and precision air conditioning has more than ordinary air conditioning more than 1 times the volume of large air supply, can quickly pump away the heat in the room, to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling equipment. In short, ordinary air conditioning is facing the living environment of personnel, for the server room, heat dissipation is relatively large, the higher demand for air conditioning heat dissipation; cooling the continuous working time is relatively long, almost all 24 hours in a row; the temperature should be controlled between 22 ℃ -24 ℃; the humidity should be controlled between 50% ± 5%; the cleanliness should be controlled in ASHRAE 20% +, the more accurate the control is the better The more precise the control is, the better the control is; to cope with the outdoor ambient temperature is also stronger, can withstand -35 ℃ to -42 ℃ environment, for the above conditions precision air conditioning can do, ordinary air conditioning can not meet. Precision air conditioning to ensure constant temperature, constant humidity, constant cleanliness and long life of the server room.

Will the zero line of the air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment in the server room be charged? Under normal circumstances, there should not be electricity on the zero line. Therefore, once there is electricity, it is certainly the performance of the fault; the simplest is electromagnetic induction, and this time the zero line is not well grounded, failing to form a circuit. Meanwhile, the leakage of power equipment or phase line touch shell, but the current is not considered large, so it has not tripped. In the three-phase four-wire power supply system, if the zero line is not well grounded or grounding end broken, the consequence is that the potential of the zero line is not equal to 0 when the three-phase load is unbalanced, which means that the neutral point is shifted. Here are the causes and solutions of machine room air conditioning common zero line charged. A. There is leakage of electrical equipment on the line, and the protection device at the end of the action, so that the zero line with electricity. (Solution: power outage for maintenance, to find the leaky equipment to repair, and find the cause of the end of the action of the protection device.) B. There is a phase on the line ground, the total protection device in the grid at the end of the protection, so that the zero line charged. （Solution: After a power outage, first use a shaking table to measure the line to see if the line is poorly insulated, measurement should pay attention to the instrumentation in the line to disconnect.） C. Room air conditioning zero line break, there is leakage in the electrical equipment behind the break or a large single-phase load operation, so that the zero line charged. （Solution: test the zero line is broken after the power failure, broken to find and repair.） D. In the zero grid, there are individual electrical equipment to take protection grounding and leakage, so that the zero line with electricity. （Solution: distinguish between the system is a zero system or grounding system, or zero system for repeated grounding. Then the correct installation of the ground.） E. In the zero grid, there is a single-phase electrical equipment using "a fire a ground" that is no work zero line, so that the zero line with electricity. （Solution: Install the N line, not PE line as N line.） F. In the grid there are electrical equipment insulation resistance, has been damaged and leakage, so that the zero line is charged. （Solution: Check out the insulation resistance does not meet the requirements of the equipment, to repair.） G. Room air conditioning in the transformer low-voltage side of the working ground connection poor contact, there is a large resistance in the three-phase load unbalance current exceeds the allowable range, so that the zero line charged. （Solution: poor contact is not good to find, to be serviced annually or according to the prescribed time, can not be lazy, to be serviced according to the regulations.） H. High-voltage flee into low-voltage, so that the zero line charged. (Solution: bad to find, and sometimes a big problem. One of the most difficult to deal with, there is a danger to people. Be sure to follow the operating procedures to operate.)

A data center server room has a high voltage alarm, check the machine alarm logs in a total of three categories: First, low supply voltage does not start. Low power supply voltage does not start is often due to voltage reduction or phase failure, low supply voltage, resulting in 24v transformer output voltage is insufficient; condenser 24v AC contactor can not work. The specific need to use a multimeter to test to determine. If necessary, equip with grid regulator. Compressor failure alarm is one of the most common alarms in the server room precision air conditioning, in the refrigeration system, the high voltage controller is set at 350psig, the machine is running, when the high voltage value reaches this limit, the high voltage alarm is generated. To make the compressor start again, it must be manually reset; however, before pressing the reset button, the cause of the high pressure must be identified in order to make the machine run normally. Second, the compressor high pressure alarm. For refrigeration systems, it is recommended to clean the surface of the condenser dust and dirt, but care should be taken not to damage the copper tubes and fins. If the alarm still appears after maintenance, the alarm can be eliminated by performing maintenance in the system menu, maintenance cycle. Third, the humidifier refrigeration system needs maintenance. It is usually caused by an obstacle in the refrigeration cycle, such as too high Freon pressure, too low pressure or the resulting overheating of the press and other reasons. The specific need to use the pressure gauge to test to determine. For the humidifier and refrigeration system requires maintenance of the alarm processing, humidifier normal operation process, mineral particles and other deposits will gather on the humidifier pan. These deposits must be regularly maintained and removed to ensure efficient operation of the humidifier. As water sources around the world have different characteristics, so the time of cleaning gradually should be decided by each place itself. It is recommended that monthly maintenance checks be performed on precision air conditioners in data center rooms (if necessary, they should be cleaned monthly). By draining the pan (removing the vertical pipe), disconnecting the drainage pipe coupling and removing the set screws at both ends of the pan, the deposits on the pan of the humidifier can be easily removed.

With the development of digital economy, the scale of data center industry has further expanded and energy consumption has increased rapidly. In order to deal with the relationship between development and energy saving and ensure the realization of the "double carbon" target, data centers are constantly exploring the potential of energy saving and emission reduction in terms of construction mode, technology, standard and renewable energy utilization. The planning and design, as the beginning of data center construction, is an essential part of promoting energy saving and emission reduction in data centers. The carbon emissions of data centers are mainly due to the consumption of electrical energy, and the total electricity consumption of China's data centers reached 200 billion KWh in 2020, accounting for more than 2.7% already. It is expected that the proportion will double to 4.05% by 2025. In this case, to reduce carbon emissions, it is necessary to further increase the proportion of new energy use. The data center has made various attempts in planning and design, and there are innovative practices, such as the application of "source-net-load storage", which can reasonably plan energy storage through the synergy between the supply side and the use side; for example, the CenturyLink Foshan data center energy storage pilot project is the first time in China to successfully apply new large-scale energy storage technology to a large data center. For example, the CenturyLink Foshan data center energy storage pilot project is the first time in China to successfully apply new large-scale energy storage technology to a large data center. Data center energy storage systems show a good development trend, however, it should also be noted that there are still numerous difficulties in the development of energy storage systems. Therefore, the problem needs to be solved by considering the following points： First, the combination of planning, design and technology promotes the reduction of energy consumption of the cooling system. Data centers generate a lot of heat during operation, and in order to ensure the normal operation of cabinets, cooling and heat dissipation are required, and a significant portion of data center energy consumption is used for this purpose. Through planning and design, choosing a reasonable refrigeration system is an effective means to reduce energy consumption and PUE, and the influencing factors include site selection, building scale and mode, technology maturity, etc. Second, strengthen planning and renovation to promote energy saving in built data centers.In order to achieve energy saving and emission reduction in data centers, the state and many localities have set goals such as energy efficiency development. For example, the "Implementation Plan for the Coordinated Development of Data Centers in Beijing (2021-2023)" issued by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology proposes that, according to the general idea of "four batches", by closing a batch of functionally outdated data centers, integrating a batch of scattered data centers, transforming a batch of high-consumption and inefficient data centers, building a batch of new The goal is to build the world's leading high-end data center development cluster with intensification, greening and intelligence. In order to further realize energy saving and carbon reduction, data centers must take relevant factors into consideration in planning and design, including energy storage and cooling. With the maturity of technology and the improvement of related solutions, data centers will further promote energy saving and emission reduction through planning and design.